Income Taxes |
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Dec. 31, 2016 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block] |
Note 9 Income Taxes
As of December 31, 2016, and 2015, the Company’s deferred tax assets (liabilities) consisted of the effects of temporary differences attributable to the following:
The change in the Company’s valuation allowance is as follows:
The Company has federal and state net operating loss carryovers of approximately $44,563,000 and $44,661,000, respectively, available to offset future taxable income. The federal and state NOL carryforwards will expire at various dates beginning in 2033. The Company has federal and state research and development tax credit carryovers of approximately $1,931,000 and $1,321,000, respectively. The federal R&D credit carryovers will expire beginning in 2032 and state R&D credit carryovers do not expire. The ultimate realization of the net operating loss is dependent upon future taxable income, if any, of the Company and may be limited in any one period by alternative minimum tax rules. Although management believes that the Company may have sufficient future taxable income to absorb the net operating loss carryovers and research and development tax credit carryovers before the expiration of the carryover period, there may be circumstances beyond the Company’s control that limit such utilization. Accordingly, management has determined that a full valuation allowance of the deferred tax asset is appropriate at December 31, 2016 and 2015.
Internal Revenue Code Section 382 imposes limitations on the use of net operating loss carryovers when the stock ownership of one or more 5% shareholders (shareholders owning 5% or more of the Company’s outstanding capital stock) has increased on a cumulative basis by more than 50 percentage points. Management cannot control the ownership changes occurring as a result of public trading of the Company’s Common Stock. Accordingly, there is a risk of an ownership change beyond the control of the Company that could trigger a limitation of the use of the loss carryover. The Company completed a Section 382 analysis as of December 31, 2016, and determined that none of its NOLs or R&D credits would be limited.
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